VII. Summary and summary the purpose this chapter are, an expanded, to make general overview available of the role of pharmaceutical industry in the economy and within the health range and some problems to investigate been, from the cost structure of the industry and from the traditional inequality in the global markets for pharmaceutical products result. There cannot be a question, which governments in everything take care nationsmust that by their politics do not damage an industry, of (1) the whole world for improvements in the quality of the human life depends and (2) to that the world looks for increasingly for technological breakthroughs to reduce in order to help, at present high working intensity of the production of the health care which cannot be supported, a at all-rising relationship of not working given the work age adults. At the same time the industry with lasting efforts in the decades must compute in front to support the market power of the demand side of the market. It is looked for, by engaging oneself completely patients with price competition throughvarious formsof of the cost division, including purchase price calculation. It is looked for also by the natural addition of the added cost division of the patients larger transparency of the prices and the relative profitability of the rivaling pharmaceutical products. These certain beginnings to supporting the demand side are certainly tried in the countries, in which national supervision of the price calculation was weak or absent. But, evenwhere governments steered so far drug prices, can such price controls into the larger cost division by patients and the connected transparency from prices and from profitability in the course of the time be converted. In „an information infrastructure for the pharmaceutical market, “this author suggested such an approach for the United States, although it would be applicable to each possible country (Reinhardt 2004). Or some private, non-profit Phamaco economic research institutes (PERIs) were preferably formed permanently by law and generous initial equipment granted, which we said of the government to 1% a tax on all pharmaceutical retail trade sale in or two years were financed. These equipments could be supplemented by the time or by the time at the beginning or been enough generous not to need such enrichments. Like private universities in the United States, the PERIs would invest its equipments in varied briefcases of the financial active. The return of these investments and of possibly annual Take downs the equipments themselves, became a current sentence research studies financiers, who were led by high calibers, to a high degree - respected pharmaco economic researchers found either at the PERIs themselves or in the academic institutes, which work under contract of the PERIs. These studies will are constantly by everyone regarding the raw data and the method teachings completely überprufbar and would cover by the researchers, who were engaged by pharmaceutical industry. The PERIs would also supervise the achievement of the drugs after product introduction and would evaluate new therapeutic applications, which emerge after product introduction. The research discoveries produced by the PERIs treated as pure Gemeingut+E896, therefore it that they were announced to be on a web site and world-wide present for everyone, meant free of charge. The mechanism of the relative profitability of the rivaling pharmaceutical products raises extraordinary methodologische problems, as greatly well-being descriptive in the Bible for such studies, Drummond et al. Methods for the economic evaluation of the health care programs (2005). „The costs “, which are used in such evaluations, can be analyzed narrowly, in order to be only those the insurer or the insurer and the patients, or all social costs to cover including very far those by the family members, by the employers and by others in the society to be carried (e.g., infection). Use in the Kostengünstigkeitstudien is usually measured by physical Gesundheitstatus announcements, stored like added life years or changes in the blood pressure, but they must be adjusted to the quality of life, which release in sequence a landlord of the additional methodologischen challenges and, There CAN fuel element NO question that governments in all nationsmust fuel element careful emergency ton harm through their policies on industry on whom (1) the entire world depends for enhancements into the quality OF humanly life, and (2) ton which the world wants increasingly look for technological breakthroughs tons help reduce the currently high laboratory intensity OF the production OF health care, which CAN emergency fuel element sustained, given on ever rising reason OF nonworking ton working age adults. RK the same time, the industry must reckon with sustained EFF place into the decades ahead tons of shores UP the market power OF that and side OF the market. It wants fuel element sought by engaging patients more fully competition throughvarious formsof cost sharing price into the process OF, including reference pricing. It wants fuel element sought thus through the natural complement OF added cost sharing by patients, namely, more greater transparency OF the prices and the relative cost effectiveness OF rival pharmaceutical products. Thesis particular approaches ton shoring UP that and side wants certainly fuel element attempted into countries where government controls OF pricing have been weak or absent. But evenwhere governments have hitherto control LED drug prices, look for price controls May fuel element transformed over time into more greater cost sharing by patients and the associated transparency OF of prices and cost effectiveness. Into “Pharmaceutical Market at information Infrastructure for,” this author proposed look for on approach for the United States, although it would fuel element applicable ton any country (Reinhardt 2004). One or preferably several private, nonprofit Phamaco Economic Research of institute (PERIs) would fuel element established permanently by law and granted A generous initially endowment financed by government, say, A 1% tax on all pharmaceutical retail sales over one or two years. Thesis endowments could fuel element replenished from time or time or fuel element generous enough RK the outset emergency ton need look for replenishments. Like private universities into the United States, the PERIs would invest their endowments in diversified portfolios OF financial assets. The returns from thesis investments, and perhaps annual take downs OF the endowments themselves, would finance on ongoing set OF research studies conducted by high more caliber, highly respected pharmaco economic researchers located either RK the PERIs of themselves or in academic institution working more under contract from the PERIs. Thesis of studies would fuel element fully auditable, RK of all times, by anyone as tons raw DATA and methodology, including by researchers engaged by the pharmaceutical industry. The PERIs thus would monitor the performance OF drugs after launch and evaluate new therapeutic applications emerging after launch. The research findings produced by the PERIs would fuel element treated as A pure public good, which means that they would fuel element posted on A web site and fuel element available worldwide ton anyone, free OF load. The establishment OF the relative cost effectiveness OF rival pharmaceutical products pos extraordinary methodological problem, as is superbly wave described into the bible for look for studies, Drummond et al. 's Methods for the Economic evaluation OF Health Care of program (2005). The “costs” used in look for evaluation CAN fuel element narrowly construed tons of fuel element only those OF insurers or OF insurers and patients, or very widely ton include all social costs, including those founts by family members, employers, and others in society (e.g., though contagion). Benefits into cost effectiveness studies typically acres measured by physical health status of indicator, look for as added life years saved or CHANGEs into blood pressure, but they must fuel element adjusted for the quality OF life, which and challenges in turn of trigger A host OF additional methodological,